Comprehensive analysis of production processes and applications

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) is a synthetic composite material created by coating or laminating a fabric base with a finished leather-like surface. Its core components include:

 Surface layer : coating layer made by mixing PVC resin, plasticizers, stabilizers, foaming agents, pigments, and more

Basal layer : Woven, knitted, or non-woven fabrics provide structural support

Additives : Flame retardants, anti-aging agents, etc., can be configured as needed to improve specific performance

 the production process flow

Scraping Method (Most Commonly Used)

two methods:

Direct scraping method ：

      PVC paste is directly applied onto the base fabric

       Coating thickness is controlled by the squeegee

       Plasticized by heating in an oven

Indirect Scraping Method (Transfer Coating Method) ：

      First, the PVC paste is coated onto release paper or steel strips

      Heating plasticizes to form a film layer

      Next, the film layer is laminated to the base fabric

     Release paper is stripped to obtain products with specific surface patterns

     The transfer coating method can produce finer surface textures, and high-end Xipi is mostly used in this method.

Calendering method

PVC resin and additives are mixed and plasticized in a mixer

The film is pressed into the required thickness by the calender rollers

The film is hot-pressed and bonded to the base fabric

The calendering method is suitable for large-scale production, offering high production efficiency and uniform product thickness.

Extrusion method

PVC material is melted and plasticized through an extruder

Film is formed by extrusion through the T-type die head

Immediately laminate with the base fabric

Extrusion equipment requires significant investment but has a high degree of automation.

Circular mesh coating method

Using rotary screen printing technology, PVC paste is transferred onto the base fabric

Suitable for producing special varieties such as foam leather

Production process flow diagram: Ingredient mixing → filtration and defoaming → coating/calendering → drying and plasticizing → foaming (optional) → embossing/surface treatment → winding finished product.

The original text was largely correct. I added a colon after “diagram” and a period at the end for completeness.

 Technical Parameters and Performance Characteristics

Performance indicators	Numerical range	Explanation
Tensile strength	≥15MPa	Good mechanical properties
Number of wear resistance	> 20,000 rpm	Taber test, but the surface may peel off
Breathability		Poor breathability
Applicable temperature	5-40℃	Hardening and brittle at low temperatures
Hydrolytic resistance	Peeling occurs after 800 hours of damp heat testing	This is far less than the 2000 hours for PU leather